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十一、词根 -ply，-ploy，-ploit，-pli，-plic，-plex，-flex，-play，-flect 不错浮现“1. fold：折叠；重合；倍；2. work with/use：使用”

apply [əˈplaɪ] vt. 应用；苦求；涂，敷 941

词源：

Late 14c., “join or combine (with); attach (to something), adhere,” from Old French aploiier “apply, use, attach”(12c., Modern French appliquer), from Latin applicare “attach to, join, connect;” figuratively, “devote (oneself) to, give attention,” from ad “to”(see ad-)+plicare “fold”(from PIE root *plek- “to plait”).

The etymological sense is “bring things in contact with one another.” In English, from c. 1400 as “use or employ” something for a certain purpose; “from early 15c. of lotions, plasters, etc.,” place in contact with the body, “also, of one’s mental powers or faculties,” put to work at a task or pursuit. “Meaning” seek a job by submitting an application for one is from 1851. A by-form applicate is recorded from 1530s.

搭配：

      apply for (考)：苦求……

apply A to B (考)：将A诓骗于B

例句：There aren’t many jobs in science for them, so they go to Wall Street and Silicon Valley to apply their analytical skills to more practical—and rewarding—efforts.

在科学领域莫得太多使命给他们，因此他们去到华尔街好像是硅谷去把他们的分析手段诓骗在愈加实用——陈说也更丰厚——的使命上。

写稿例句：如今，越来越多的数字化居品被用在了东谈主们的泛泛生涯中。

Nowadays, more and more digital products are applied to people’s daily life.

application [ˌæplɪˈkeɪʃ(ə)n] n. 应用；苦求；敷用；应用形式 1528

助记：

      applic (=apply：应用；苦求；敷用；应用形式) +ion (名词性后缀) →应用；苦求；敷用；应用形式

applicant [ˈæplɪk(ə)nt] n. 苦求东谈主，苦求者；请求者 5586

助记：

      applic (=apply：苦求) +ant (名词后缀：表“东谈主”) → 苦求东谈主

applied [əˈplaɪd] adj. 实用的；应用的 6561

助记：

      apply (应用；苦求；敷用) +ed (形色词性后缀) →实用的；应用的

appliance [əˈplaɪəns] n. 用具；器械；安装 6127

助记：

      appli (=apply：用) +ance (名词后缀) →拿来用的东西→用具，器械

搭配：

      household appliances (考)：家用电器 (器械) 

      electrical appliances (考)：电器

后缀 -ance 用法

-ance

word-forming element attached to verbs to form abstract nouns of process or fact (convergence from converge), or of state or quality (absence from absent); ultimately from Latin antia and -entia, which depended on the vowel in the stem word, from PIE *-nt-, adjectival suffix.

As Old French evolved from Latin, these were leveled to-ance, but later French borrowings from Latin (some of them subsequently passed to English) used the appropriate Latin form of the ending, as did words borrowed by English directly from Latin (diligence, absence).

English thus inherited a confused mass of words from French (crescent/croissant), and further confused it since c. 1500 by restoring–ence selectively in some forms of these words to conform with Latin. Thus dependant, but independence, etc.

applicable [əˈplɪkəb(ə)l; ˈæplɪk-] adj. 可应用的；可适用的；得当的 7731

助记：

      applic (=apply：诓骗) +able→可诓骗的，可适用的

搭配：

      be applicable to sb. / sth. (考)：适用于某东谈主/某物

例句：It is an experience in searching out, understanding and synthesizing, which forms the basis of many skills applicable to both academic and nonacademic tasks.

它是在查找，流通和合成方面的一个警告，这种警告组成了好多技能的基础，可同期适用于学术或非学术任务。

applicability [ˌæplɪkəˈbɪlətɪ] n. 稳当性；适用性 17228

助记：

      applicable (可应用的；可适用的；得当的) +ility (名词后缀) → 稳当性；适用性

employ [ɪmˈplɒɪ; em-] vt. 使用，遴选；雇佣 1976

助记：

      em (=in：进来) +ploy (使用) →招聘 (即：把东谈主拿进来使用) 

释义和用法：

If a person or company employs you, they pay you to work for them. 雇用

If you employ certain methods, materials, or expressions, you use them. 使用；遴选

self-employed [ˈselfəmˈplɔid] adj. 自雇的；个体筹画的；开脱行状的 14518

unemployed [ʌnɪmˈplɒɪd; -em-] adj. 失业的；未被利用的 6493

unemployment [ʌnɪmˈplɒɪm(ə)nt; -em-] n. 失业；失业东谈主数；失业率 3523

employee [ɪmˈplɔɪi; ˌemplɔɪˈi:] n. 雇员；从业职工 933

employer [ɪmˈplɒɪə; em-] n. 雇主，雇主 2317

employment [ɪmˈplɒɪm(ə)nt; em-] n. 雇用；行状；使用 2557

exploit [ˈeksplɔɪt; ɪkˈsplɔɪt] vt. 克扣；利用；确立，诱骗 4422

助记：

      ex (外，出来) +ploit (=ploy=ply：使用) →用出来→克扣，确立 (即：把招聘进来的东谈主的价值“用出来”) 

释义和用法：

      If you say that someone is exploiting you, you think that they are treating you unfairly by using your work or ideas and giving you very little in return. 压榨；克扣；占……的低廉

例句：

      Critics claim he exploited black musicians for personal gain.

      品评家宣称他压榨黑东谈主音乐家谋求私利。

释义和用法：

      If you exploit something, you use it well, and achieve something or gain an advantage from it. 充分诓骗；理会

例句：

      Cary is hoping to exploit new opportunities in Europe.

      卡里但愿好好利用欧洲的新机遇。

释义和用法：

      To exploit resources or raw materials means to develop them and use them for industry or commercial activities. 开采；确立

例句：

      I think we’re being very short sighted in not exploiting our own coal.

      我合计不开采咱们我方的煤短长常短视的作念法。

exploitation [eksplɒɪˈteɪʃ(ə)n] n. 克扣；利用；确立，开采 6994

助记：

      exploit (克扣；利用；确立，诱骗) +ation (名词性后缀) → 克扣；利用；确立，开采

exploited [iksˈplɔitid] adj. 被克扣的；被确立的；被利用的 20036

助记：

      exploit (克扣；利用；确立，诱骗) +ed (形色词性后缀表被迫完成) →被克扣的；被确立的；被利用的

辨认：explore [ɪkˈsplɔː; ek-] vt. 探伤；酌量；勘探 1603

释义和用法：

      If you explore a place, you travel around it to find out what it is like.在……探险；探伤；勘探；试验

例句：

      After exploring the old part of town there is a guided tour of the cathedral.

      游览完老城区之后，会由导游带队参不雅大教堂。

释义和用法：

      If you explore an idea or suggestion, you think about it or comment on it in detail, in order to assess it carefully. 酌量，研究 (不雅点或提议) 

例句：

      The secretary is expected to explore ideas for post-war reconstruction of the area.

      部长瞻望将会酌量这个地区战后重建的主意。

释义和用法：

      If people explore an area for a substance such as oil or minerals, they study the area and do tests on the land to see whether they can find it. 勘探

例句：

      The government is allowing the areas of inshore coastal waters to be explored for oil and gas.

      当局允许在近海海域勘探石油和自然气。

exploration [ekspləˈreɪʃ(ə)n] n. 探伤；酌量；勘探 3921

助记：

      explore (探伤；酌量；勘探) +ation (名词性后缀) → 探伤；酌量；勘探

explorer [ekˈsplɔːrə(r)] n. 探伤者，探伤器；探险家 7912

助记：

      explore (探伤；勘探) +er (浮现东谈主或物的名词性后缀) →探伤者，探伤器；探险家

exploratory [ɪkˈsplɒrət(ə)rɪ; ek-] adj. 探究的；勘探的；试验的 10677

助记：

      explore (探伤；勘探) +atory (形色词性后缀) → 探究的；勘探的；试验的

unexplored [ʌnɪkˈsplɔːd; ʌnek-] adj. 未勘查过的 18317

助记：

      un (抵赖性前缀) +explore (探伤；勘探) +ed (形色词性后缀表被迫完成) →未勘查过的

deploy [dɪˈplɒɪ] vt. 部署，调度（部队或火器）；有用地利用；调养 4544

助记：

      de (=dis分开) +ploy (=fold：折叠，重合) →把重合的 (部队) 分布开→部署，调养；有用地利用

词源：

1786 as a military word, “extend (troops) in a line, expand (a unit which had been formed in columns),” from French déployer “unroll, unfold,” from Old French desploiier “unfold,” from Latin displicare “unfold, scatter,” from dis- (see dis-)+plicare “to fold”(from PIE root *plek- “to plait”). “In its AFr. form regularly adopted in ME as desplay” [OED]. Figurative use by 1829. Intransitive sense from 1796. Related: Deployed; deploying.

释义和用法：

[动词+名词短语]

(technical) to move soldiers or weapons into a position where they are ready for military action (术语) 部署，调度 (部队或火器) 

例句：At least 5 000 missiles were deployed along the border.

沿边境至少部署了5 000枚导弹。

释义和用法：

      to use sth effectively 有用地利用；调养

举例：

      to deploy arguments/resources

      利用论据 / 资源

deployment [diːˈplɒɪmənt] n. 调度，部署 6521

助记：

      deploy (调度，部署) +ment (名词性后缀) → 调度，部署

complicate [ˈkɒmplɪkeɪt] vt. 使难以流通；使复杂化 6068

词源：

1620s, “to intertwine,” from Latin complicatus “folded together; confused, intricate,” past participle of complicare “to involve,” literally “to fold together,” from com “with, together”(see com-)+plicare “to fold, weave”(from PIE root *plek- “to plait”). Meaning “to make more complex or intricate” is recorded from 1832, from earlier sense “to combine in a complex way”(17c.).

助记：

      com (全部) +plic (折叠) +ate (动词后缀) →全部重迭到沿路→ (变) 复杂；难以流通

释义和用法：

To complicate something means to make it more difficult to understand or deal with. 使难以流通；使复杂化

例句：The day’s events, he said, would only complicate the task of the peacekeeping forces.

他说白昼发生的事件只会使维和部队的任务更为复杂。

complicated [ˈkɒmplɪkeɪtɪd] adj. 难解的，复杂的 2775

助记：

      com (全部) +plic (折叠) +ated (形色词后缀：的) →全部重迭到沿路的→复杂的

uncomplicated [ʌnˈkɑmpləˈketɪd] adj. 爽朗的；不复杂的 18538

助记：

      un (抵赖性前缀) +complicate (使难以流通；使复杂化) +ed (形色词性后缀) → 爽朗的；不复杂的

complication [kɒmplɪˈkeɪʃ(ə)n] n. 使复杂化的难题（或发愤）；[医]并发症 5055

助记：

      complicate (使难以流通；使复杂化) +ion (名词性后缀) →使复杂化的难题 (或发愤) 

释义和用法：

A complication is a problem or difficulty that makes a situation harder to deal with. 使复杂化的难题 (或发愤) 

例句：The age difference was a complication to the relationship.

年岁互异使得两边来去愈加发愤。

释义和用法：

      A complication is a medical problem that occurs as a result of another illness or disease. 并发症

例句：

      He died of complications from a heart attack.

      他死于腹黑病发作引起的并发症。

complex [ˈkɒmpleks] adj. 复杂的 n. 概述建筑群；情节 1607

助记：

      com (全部) +plex (编制，折叠) → 全部编织/折叠在沿路→复杂的

释义和用法：

      Something that is complex has many different parts, and is therefore often difficult to understand. 复杂的；错综的

举例：

      in-depth coverage of today’s complex issues对时下一些复杂问题的深度报谈

释义和用法：

      A complex is a group of buildings designed for a particular purpose, or one large building divided into several smaller areas. 概述建筑群；概述大楼

举例：

      plans for constructing a new stadium and leisure complex

      修建新畅通场和幽闲中心的算计打算

释义和用法：

      If someone has a complex about something, they have a mental or emotional problem relating to it, often because of an unpleasant experience in the past. (经常指由于曩昔不自得的阅历而变成的) 情结

例句：

      I have never had a complex about my height.

      我从来莫得记忆过我方的身高。

complexity [kəmˈpleksətɪ] n. 复杂，复杂性；复杂错综的事物 3796

助记：

      complex (复杂的) +ity (名词性后缀) → 复杂，复杂性；复杂错综的事物

complexion [kəmˈplekʃ(ə)n] n. 性质；特色；面色；肤色 10640

助记：

      com (沿路) +plex (重合) +ion (名词后缀) →指躯壳里的体液等合到沿路，从影响到一个东谈主的本性；而中叶界的生理学合计，一个东谈主的面色能体现其本性和健康情状，故而引出“面色，肤色”之意

词源：

The Middle English sense is from the old medicine notion of bodily constitution or general nature resulting from blending of the four primary qualities (hot, cold, dry, moist) or humors (blood, phlegm, choler, black choler). The specific meaning “color or hue of the skin of the face” developed by mid-15c. In medieval physiology, the color of the face was believed to indicate temperament or health. The word rarely is used in the sense of “state of being complex.”

perplex [pəˈpleks] vt. 使困惑，使为难；使复杂化 15957

助记：

      per (透顶，相接，都备) +plex (折叠) →全部重迭到沿路→使……变复杂，使……困惑

perplexed [pəˈplekst] adj. 困惑的；不知所措的 19725

助记：

      perplex (使困惑，使为难；使复杂化)+ed (形色词性后缀：浮现东谈主困惑的，不知所措的状态) → 困惑的；不知所措的

perplexing [pəˈpleksɪŋ] adj. 令东谈主困惑的；复杂的，令东谈主吞吐的 17444

助记：

      perplex (使困惑，使为难；使复杂化)+ing (形色词性后缀：浮现事物令东谈主困惑的，吞吐的) → 令东谈主困惑的；复杂的，令东谈主吞吐的

duplex [ˈdjuːpleks] adj. 二倍的，双重的 19256

助记：

      du (=two 两个，双) +plex (折叠；重合；倍) →二倍的，双重的

duplicate [ˈdjuːplɪkeɪt] vt. 复制；使加倍 9442

助记：

      du (=two 两个，双) +plic (倍) → 使成两倍 → 复制；使加倍

duplication [djuːplɪˈkeɪʃn] n. 复制；副本；成倍 17302

助记：

      duplicate (复制；使加倍) +ion (名词性后缀) → 复制；副本；成倍

multiply [ˈmʌltɪplaɪ] vt. 乘；使相乘；使增多；使繁衍 6239

助记：

      multi (=many：多；n，l音似) +ply (=ple：折，倍) →多 (折) 倍→使相乘 (即：变成“多倍”) 

搭配：

      satisfy the multiplying wants of their citizens (考)：得志市民成倍的需求

multiple [ˈmʌltɪpl] adj. 万般的；许多的；多重的 1962

助记：

      multi (多) +ple (倍；重) →多万般种的，多重的

搭配：

      multiple roles (考)：多重变装

      multitude [ˈmʌltɪtjuːd] n. 各人；多数 8598

助记：

      multi (多，大) +tude (名词后缀) →广大，广漠

搭配：

      multitudes of premiums (考)：广漠奖励

      multitudes of messages (考)：广大信息

例句：A multitude of factors, both inherited and environmental, influence the development of health-related behaviors, and it is beyond the scope of this text to discuss all these factors as they may affect any given individual.

广大的身分，包括遗传的和环境的，都影响力与健康估量的行径的发展，但参议这些也曾杰出了本文的范围，因为他们可能会影响任何一个个体。

仿写例句：广大的身分，包括遗传的和环境的，都会影响学生的样式健康。

A multitude of factors, both inherited and environmental, influence a student’s psychological health.

前缀 multi- 浮现“多；多倍”

词源：

Before vowels mult-, word-forming element meaning “many, many times, much,” from combining form of Latin multus “much, many,” from PIE *ml-to-, from root *mel-(2) “strong, great, numerous.” It was much-used in forming Latin compounds in classical times and after (such as multianimis “having much courage,” multibibus “much-drinking,” multicomus “having much hair,” multiloquus “talkative”). Many English words that use it (multinational, etc.) are 20c. coinages.

multicultural [mʌltɪˈkʌltʃ(ə)r(ə)l] adj. 会通或具有多种文化的；多种文化的 6903

multiculturalism [ˌmʌltɪˈkʌltʃərəlɪzm] n. 多元文化论 11351

multiethnic [ˌmʌltiˈeθnik] adj. 多种民族的 14690

multilateral [mʌltɪˈlæt(ə)r(ə)l] adj. 多国的；多边的 9540

multimedia [ˈmʌltɪmiːdɪə] n. 多媒体 7499

multimillionaire [ˌmʌltɪmɪljəˈneə] n. 大富豪 18358

multinational [mʌltɪˈnæʃ(ə)n(ə)l] adj. 多国的；跨国公司的 7844

multiparty [mʌltɪˈpɑːtɪ] adj. 多党的；包括多党的 15398

multiplication [ˌmʌltɪplɪˈkeɪʃ(ə)n] n. 乘法；增多 17173

multiplicity [ˌmʌltɪˈplɪsɪtɪ] n. 万般性；多重性 14888

multipurpose [mʌltɪˈpɝpəs] adj. 多用途的；多功能的 19397

multiracial [ˈmʌltɪˈreʃəl] adj. 多民族的 16776

multivariate [ˌmʌltɪˈveərɪət] adj. 多元的，多变量的 12784

flexible [ˈfleksɪb(ə)l] adj. 机动的；柔韧的；易曲折的 4267

助记：

      flex (=bend：曲折) +ible (容易) →容易曲折的→机动的，易曲折的

词源：

Early 15c., “capable of being bent; mentally or spiritually pliant,” from Middle French flexible or directly from Latin flexibilis “that may be bent, pliant, flexible, yielding;” figuratively “tractable, inconstant,” from flex-, past participle stem of flectere “to bend,” which is of uncertain origin. Flexile (1630s) and flexive (1620s) have become rare. Related: Flexibly. Coles’ dictionary (1717) has flexiloquent “speaking words of doubtful or double meaning.”

flexibility [ˌfleksɪˈbɪlɪtɪ] n. 弹性；稳当性；机动性 4368

助记：

      flexib (=flexible：机动的) +ility (名词后缀) →机动性；弹性

inflexible [ɪnˈfleksɪb(ə)l] adj. 毅力的；不可曲折的；不服挠的；不可回荡的 17838

reflect [rɪˈflekt] vt. 反射，照出；反省；响应 1007

助记：

      re (复返，反) +flect (=bend：曲折；弯折) → (光等) 曲折且归→反射，反应，反省

搭配：

      reflect on (考)：仔细想考，反省

写稿例句：直到恶运驾临的期间，东谈主们才会运转反省我方的一言一行关于环境而言产生了何等严重的影响。

Not until a disaster falls do human beings get to reflect on their behaviors which hurt the environment so badly.

reflected [rɪˈflektɪd] adj. 反射的；得自他东谈主的 15526

reflection [rɪˈflekʃ(ə)n] n. 反射；映象；千里想 2780

词源：

Late 14c., reflexion, in reference to surfaces throwing back light or heat, from Late Latin reflexionem (nominative reflexio) “a reflection,” literally “a bending back,” noun of action from past participle stem of Latin reflectere “to bend back, bend backwards, turn away,” from re- “back”(see re-)+flectere “to bend”(see flexible). Of the mind, from 1670s. Meaning “remark made after turning back one’s thought on some subject” is from 1640s. Spelling with -ct- recorded from late 14c., established 18c., by influence of the verb.

例句：Most education system neglect exploration, understanding and reflection.

大多数的造就体制疏远了探究，流通和反想。

reflective [rɪˈflektɪv] adj. 千里想的；反射的；响应的 6963

释义和用法：

If you are reflective, you are thinking deeply about something. 千里想的；深想的

A reflective surface or material sends back light or heat. 反射的；反光的

reflector [rɪˈflektə] n. 反射物，反射镜 13242

triple [ˈtripl] adj. 三倍的 v.（使）成三倍

助记：

      tri (=three：读音相同，e→i是最合理的变化) +ple (倍，折) →三倍的；成三倍

display [dɪˈspleɪ] vt. 展览；展现；自大 n. 展览；扮演 2207

助记：

      dis (=apart：分开) +play (=ply：折叠) → 把重迭的东西分开 (给东谈主看) →展示，自大

释义和用法：

      If you display something that you want people to see, you put it in a particular place, so that people can see it easily. 展览；胪列

例句：

      The cabinets display seventeenth-century blue-and-white porcelain.

      展柜中胪列着17世纪的青花瓷。

释义和用法：

      If you display something, you show it to people. 展现；展示

例句：

      The chart can then display the links connecting these groups.

      这张图就会自大出这些群体之间的关联。

释义和用法：

      If you display a characteristic, quality, or emotion, you behave in a way which shows that you have it. 自大，透露，弘扬 (特色或情感) 

例句：

      He has displayed remarkable courage in his efforts to reform the party.

      在政党纠正中，他弘扬出了超卓的勇气。

释义和用法：

      A display is an arrangement of things that have been put in a particular place, so that people can see them easily. 展示；展览；胪列

例句：

      She was leaning against a display case of prints of Paris.

      她正倚靠在一个展示巴黎相片的胪列柜上。

释义和用法：

      A display is a public performance or other event which is intended to entertain people. 扮演

举例：

      the firework display 烟火扮演

comply [kəmˈplaɪ] vi. 答理；盲从；遵照，遵照 4689

助记：

      com (加强口吻) +ply (重合) →效用，遵照 (即：和别东谈主的行径“重合，一致”) 

搭配：

      comply with (考)：与……重合，盲从

写稿例句：不论一个东谈主的个性有何等的相亲相爱，一朝过问到职场中，他就必须遵照该行业的顺序。

No matter how distinctive a person’s character may be, once he enters into the workplace, he must comply with the norms of the industry.

compliance [kəmˈplaɪəns] n. 遵照，效用；承诺 4599

助记：

      compli (效用，遵照) +ance (名词后缀) →遵照，效用

compliant [kəmˈplaɪənt] adj. 遵照的；欢跃的；效用的 15653

助记：

      compli (遵照) +ant (形色词后缀) →遵照的；效用的

unfold [ʌnˈfəʊld] vt. 翻开；呈现 4590

助记：

      un (表抵赖) +fold (重合，折叠；) →不折叠→翻开，展现，透露

imply [ɪmˈplaɪ] vt. 浮现；意味；隐含 2819

助记：

      im (=in：内部) +ply (=fold：折叠) →折叠在内部 (不透露在名义) 的含义→如期；隐含

implication [ɪmplɪˈkeɪʃ(ə)n] n. 浮现；含义；可能激励的成果 2456

搭配：

      profound implications (考)：深远的意旨

implicate [ˈɪmplɪkeɪt] vt. 使波及到；使牵累其中；含有……的道理 7846

词源：

Early 15c., “to convey (truth) in a fable,” from Latin implicatus, past participle of implicare “to involve, entwine, entangle, embrace,” from assimilated form of in- “into, in, on, upon”(from PIE root *en “in”)+plicare “to fold”(from PIE root *plek- “to plait”). From c. 1600 as “intertwine, wreathe.” Meaning “involve (someone) in a crime, charge, etc.; show (someone) to be involved” is from 1797.

助记：

      im (=in：内部) +plic (折叠) +ate (动词后缀) →使 (某东谈主) 折到内部去了→使波及到；使牵累其中

implicit [ɪmˈplɪsɪt] adj. 浮现的；盲从的；含蓄的 6842

助记：

      impli (=imply：浮现) +it (形色词后缀) →浮现的；含蓄的

词源：

1590s, “implied, resting on inference,” from Middle French implicite and directly from Latin implicitus, later variant of implicatus “entangled, confused, involved,” past participle of implicare “entangle, involve,” from assimilated form of in- “into, in, on, upon”(from PIE root *en “in”)+plicare “to fold”(from PIE root *plek- “to plait”). From c. 1600 as “resulting from perfect confidence (in authority), unquestioning”(especially of faith).

助记：

      implic (=imply：浮现) →浮现的，含蓄的 (不径直抒发的)，内含的

搭配：

      implicit bias (考)：隐含的偏见

implicitly [ɪmˈplɪsɪtlɪ] adv. 含蓄地；阴森地 9879

explicit [ɪkˈsplɪsɪt; ek-] adj. 深刻的；明确的；坦爽的；胪陈的 4878

助记：

      explicit为implicit的反义词，故翻译为“深刻的；明确的；坦爽的”

例句：

      The United States does have one explicit family policy, the Family and Medical Leave Act, passed in 1993.

      好意思国照实有一个明确的家庭战略——家庭和病假功令，该功令在1993年通过。

explicitly [ɪkˈsplɪsɪtli] adv. 明确地；昭彰地 5285

inexplicable [ˌɪnɪkˈsplɪkəb(ə)l; ˌɪnek-; ɪnˈeksplɪ-] adj. 无法阐明的；吞吐的；不可讲授 13405

助记：

      in (相悖) +explic (深刻的，明确的) +able (不错) →不不错深刻明确说出来的→无法阐明的，不可讲授的，吞吐的

inexplicably [ɪnˈɛksplɪkəbli] adv. 无法阐明地；难以流通地 15246

reply [rɪˈplaɪ] vi. 回答；起义；答辩 n. 回复；答信 2239

词源：

Late 14c., “to make an answer,” from Old French replier “to reply, turn back,” from Late Latin replicare “to reply, repeat,” in classical Latin “fold back, fold over, bend back,” from re- “back, again”(see re-)+plicare “to fold”(from PIE root *plek- “to plait”). Latin literal sense of “to fold back” is attested from mid-15c. in English but is not now used. Modern French répliquer (Middle French replier) is directly from Late Latin.

助记：

      re (纪念) +ply (折) →折纪念的东西→回复；回复；答信

replica [ˈreplɪkə] n. 复成品，复制物 9477

replicate [ˈreplɪkeɪt] vt. 复制；重作念；复现 6727

助记：

      re (又，再) +plic (=fold：重合) +ate (东西后缀) →重复 (别东谈主的) 再作念一次→复制；复现；重作念

replication [replɪˈkeɪʃ(ə)n] n. 复制；重作念；复现 13330

助记：

      replicat (复制；复现) +ion (名词后缀) →复制；复现；重作念高难度词汇：

ply [plaɪ] vt. 使用，不住地使用；折，弯；从事 13573

plywood [ˈplaɪwʊd] n. 夹板，胶合板 9126

ploy [plɒɪ] n. 策略；举止；使命 11775

词源：

1722, “anything with which one amuses oneself,” Scottish and northern England dialect, possibly a shortened form of employ or deploy. Popularized in the sense “move or gambit made to gain advantage” by British humorist Stephen Potter (1900-1969).

complicity [kəmˈplɪsɪtɪ] n. 共谋；联结；共犯估量 13997

助记：

      com (沿路，共同) +plic (=fold：折叠；重合) → (几个东谈主) 合到沿路→共谋；联结

flex [fleks] vt. 折曲；伸曲；使安静 9035

词源：

1520s, “to bend,” usually of muscles, probably a back-formation from flexible.

释义和用法：

If you flex your muscles or parts of your body, you bend, move, or stretch them for a short time in order to exercise them. 举止，屈伸 (肌肉或躯壳某一部分) 

例句：He slowly flexed his muscles and tried to stand.

他逐渐地举止了一下肌肉，想尽量站起来。

flexion [ˈflekʃ(ə)n] n. 曲折 19916

inflection [ɪnˈflekʃ(ə)n] n. 曲折，变形；曲调变化 17004

助记：

      in (向内) +flect (=bend：弯) +ion (名词后缀) →向内弯→曲折；变形；曲调变化

释义和用法：

If a word inflects, its ending (扫尾) or form changes in order to show. Its grammatical function (语法功能). If a language inflects, it has words in it that inflect. (词形，说话) 有屈折变化

reflex [ˈriːfleks] n. 反射；响应；要求反射 10511

释义和用法：

A reflex or a reflex action is something that you do automatically (自动地) 

and without thinking, as a habit or as a reaction to something. 本能反应；习气性作为

A reflex or a reflex action is a normal, uncontrollable reaction (无法拆除的反应) of your body to something that you feel, see, or experience. 要求反射；反射性作为

reflexively [rɪˈflektɪvlɪ] adv. 要求反射式地 20063

splay [spleɪ] vt. 伸开；展开 17555

助记：

      splay是display的简写版，dis (相悖) +play (折叠，重合) →把折叠/合在沿路的东西变得相悖→展开；伸开

downplay [daʊnˈpleɪ] vt. 不予疼爱；将……跟浮光掠影 10142

助记：

      down (低) +play (演奏) →原指音乐或戏剧里演奏低千里的部分→跟浮光掠影， (延长为) 不疼爱

interplay [ˈɪntəpleɪ] n. 互相影响，互相作用 12098

助记：

      inter (相互间) +play (影响) →相互间影响→互相影响，互相作用

deflect [dɪˈflekt] vt. 使偏袒；使转向；使曲折 9812

助记：

      de (=away：远隔) +flect (=bend：弯) →弯了偏离 (正轨) →使偏袒；使转

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